Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Women

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has traditionally been viewed as a predominantly male disorder. However, recent evidence reveals a high prevalence in women, especially in the postmenopausal period, with clinical manifestations that often deviate from the classic male phenotype. This article reviews the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and therapeutic strategies for OSA in women. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing sex-specific symptoms, the influence of hormonal changes, and comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, mood disorders, and metabolic dysfunction.