Cardiovascular risk level associated with sleep quality in adults in the Calera community, in Cotacachi, Ecuador

Abstract

Introduction: sleep quality is related to the risk of cardiovascular disease, which makes it a public health problem worldwide and, consequently, a substantial burden for healthcare systems and the economy. Objective: to associate the level of cardiovascular risk (CVR) and sleep quality in 40-74-year-old adults in the Calera community, Cotacachi, between August and December 2023.

Methods: this cross-sectional, observational study applied non-probabilistic convenience sampling, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. The enrolled population consisted of 40-74-yearold adults in the Calera community. Cardiovascular risk was assessed using Globorisk-1, and sleep quality using PSQI; since these were categorical variables, the Chi square test was applied.

Results: there was a predominance of females. As far as the level of CVR, 54.7 and 45.3% of the population had moderate and high cardiovascular risk, respectively. The sleep quality assessment reported that between 43.1 and 19.7% required medical care and treatment, while 37.02% did not have sleep problems. The relationship showed that 32.8 and 29.9% of those with moderate and high CVR had sleep disorders, and 21.9 and 15.3% of those with moderate and high CVR, respectively, did not have sleep disorders. The p value of 0.05 was used, and the result of the relationship reported a p value greater than 0.05 (0.460), so the null hypothesis was accepted. The level of cardiovascular risk is not significantly associated with sleep quality in adults in the Calera community, Cotacachi, Ecuador.

Conclusions: although there is a distinctive proportion of people with sleep disorders in the moderate and high cardiovascular risk groups, the global analysis showed no statistically significant relationship between these variables.