Impact of proton-pump inhibitors on vitamin B12 levels in patients with CKD stage 5 in hemodialysis

Experience of a Center in Manizales, Colombia

Abstract

Objective: To determine if vitamin B12 deficiency occurs in patients with chronic renal disease (CKD) stage 5 in hemodialysis therapy and chronic use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Methods: patients with stage 5 CKD over 18 years of age on chronic hemodialysis therapy who were receiving PPI therapy. Demographic and anthropometric variables, chronic renal disease etiology, time on dialysis, type of PPI received by the patient, dose and time taking the medication, were evaluated. The related laboratory variables were serum levels of vitamin B12, folic acid, KTV, hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume

Type of Study: cross-sectional analytical. Statistical analysis used central tendency and dispersion measures (mean, standard deviation) in the quantitative variables and relative frequencies in the qualitative ones. To determine the correlation between vitamin B12 levels and variables, the simple linear regression method was used for each of the continuous variables and the logistic regression method for the categorical variables.

Results: Of a total of 106 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis therapy, 37 patients met the inclusion criteria. 45.9% were women, mean age 63.6 years, etiology of CKD 48.6% idiopathic. Regarding the time on dialysis 56.7% of the patients had less than four years; the rest between four and 19 years. Regarding the time of PPIs consumption, 15 patients (40.5%) had received at least three years and 22 patients (59.5%) more than three years. 100% of the patients exhibited normal or above normal levels of serum folic acid levels. A positive correlation was found, although not statistically significant, between serum vitamin B12 levels and PPI dose, PPI consumption time and dialysis time.

Conclusions: Contrary to what was proposed in the hypothesis of this study, it was found that serum levels of vitamin B12 tend to increase over time in dialysis and PPI consumption, both in time and in doses