Prediction of onset of acute kidney injury after cardiovascular surgery at the intensive care unit of Hospital San Ignacio

Abstract

Objective: to identify patients at high risk for acute kidney injury in postoperative cardiovascular Objective: To identify patients at high risk for acute kidney injury in postoperative cardiovascular surgery in the Intensive Care Unit of Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Context and type of study: the reference population consisted of patients treated at the Hospital San Ignacio de Bogotá, institution of IV level of complexity, with a study population comprised patients admitted to the intensive care unit in the immediate postoperative period of cardiac surgery. Materials and Methods: descriptive observational study, retrospective case series. The information was gathered by researchers from the review of medical records, that is from a secondary source. This collection is made based on a form designed for that purpose, which includes general information and data variables in the prediction, recording the general data of each patient, including personal background variables and scale prediction. During the collection of information was forming the database, which was duly revised and refined, and then analyzed using Epi Info 2000. Results: we analyzed 213 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio in the immediate postoperative period CVC. Among the patients analyzed the incidence of ARF was 3.3% (n = 7) which were subjected to TRR. These patients had post-procedure creatinine was significantly higher (p = 0.000). Among patients requiring RRT found a significantly higher proportion of patients with an LVEF less than 40% (71.4% vs 14.1%). Another significant difference was the percentage of patients in whom intra-aortic balloon was used, which was much higher among patients who received RRT (p = 0.000). As for the relationship between the IRA and the procedures performed on patients showed a higher proportion of cases managed with CPB in the group of patients requiring RRT, likewise, the proportion of patients who were placed intra-aortic balloon was significantly higher (p = 0.000). In applying the risk score in patients analyzed showed that there were 4 patients with high risk of IRA whose score was greater than 4. Of these patients only 2 (50%) ended in TRR. Conclusions: the occurrence of acute kidney injury in patients who are taking cardiovascular surgery has been shown as independent risk factor for mortality in patients in intensive care units. Predictive models to determine the occurrence of ARF in pediatric CVC has facilitated decision making and evaluation and risk stratification, opening the possibility of early and effective interventions towards recovery, decreased complications and decreased morbidity and mortality in these patients